Which celestial event occurs when the Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon?

A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth passes directly between the Sun and the Moon. During this event, the Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon, causing the Moon to appear darkened or take on a reddish hue due to the Earth's shadow. This phenomenon can only happen during a full moon when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned in a straight line or very close to it.

In contrast, a solar eclipse happens when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, obstructing the Sun's light. The habitable zone transition refers to the region around a star where conditions might be right for life, and asteroid collisions involve two or more asteroids coming into contact, which is unrelated to the positioning of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. These distinctions highlight why the occurrence described in the question specifically aligns with a lunar eclipse.