What is the Hubble Space Telescope primarily known for?

The Hubble Space Telescope is primarily known for its ability to capture high-resolution images and gather data about distant galaxies and other cosmic phenomena. Launched in 1990, Hubble has significantly contributed to our understanding of the universe through its unique vantage point in low Earth orbit, which allows it to avoid the distorting effects of Earth's atmosphere.

Hubble has provided stunning images of distant star clusters, nebulae, and the spectra of distant galaxies, which have helped astronomers discern the rate of expansion of the universe, the existence and nature of dark matter, and the lifecycle of stars. Its observations have been pivotal in many groundbreaking discoveries, making it an essential tool in modern astrophysics.

This focus on imagery and data collection related to celestial bodies distinctly separates Hubble's mission from tracking satellites and space debris, conducting atmospheric studies of planets, or launching probes. Options like tracking satellites primarily concern Earth-based observations, while atmospheric studies are performed by different instruments tailored for that purpose. Lastly, launching probes is a task for robotic missions, not telescope observation, which fundamentally characterizes Hubble’s role in space exploration and research.