What is lunar regolith?

Lunar regolith refers specifically to the layer of loose, fragmented material that covers the surface of the Moon. This layer consists of a mix of fine dust and rocky debris that has been created over billions of years through impacts from meteorites and other celestial bodies. It plays a crucial role in lunar geology and is composed of minerals, glass, and small rock fragments that are shaped by the harsh environment of the lunar surface.

Understanding the composition and characteristics of lunar regolith is essential for various lunar exploration missions, as it affects landing sites, construction of habitats, and utilization of resources for future lunar activities. Unlike moon rocks, which are solid pieces of rock collected from specific locations, lunar regolith encompasses a broader layer that includes a variety of materials on the Moon’s surface. The core of the Moon refers to its internal structure, which is entirely different from regolith, and minerals found on the Moon are just components of the regolith itself.