Space MIAD Practice Test

What is a significant advantage of launching a rocket from the European Space Agency's launch complex in French New Guinea?

1. Lower launch costs

2. Less atmospheric interference

3. Payload advantage due to the Earth's velocity assist

4. Better visibility for tracking

The correct answer is: Payload advantage due to the Earth's velocity assist

The significant advantage of launching a rocket from the European Space Agency's launch complex in French Guiana is the payload advantage due to the Earth's velocity assist. This location is situated close to the equator, allowing rockets to benefit from the higher rotational velocity of the Earth at that latitude. When rockets launch from the equator, they take advantage of the Earth's rotation, which helps them achieve a greater initial speed. This results in a reduction in the amount of fuel needed to reach orbit and enables the rocket to carry a larger payload or reach higher orbits more efficiently. This geographical advantage is crucial for space missions because it maximizes the energy efficiency of the launch, making it possible to deploy heavier satellites or additional payloads for the same launch costs. While lower launch costs, less atmospheric interference, and better visibility for tracking may have some relevance to launch operations, the primary benefit of launching from French Guiana specifically revolves around the ability to leverage Earth's rotational speed, which can enhance payload capacity and mission flexibility.