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What action commonly involves filling constellations in satellite operations?

  1. Deorbiting

  2. Rendezvous operations

  3. Orbital insertion

  4. In-orbit servicing

The correct answer is: Rendezvous operations

Filling constellations in satellite operations refers to the process of ensuring that a planned group of satellites—known as a constellation—reaches its intended formation and operational status in space. Rendezvous operations are crucial in this context, as they involve the precise maneuvering of satellites to come together at specific orbits. During these operations, satellites may need to adjust their positions relative to one another to achieve the optimal configuration required for operations like communication, earth observation, or scientific research. This adjustment is essential for creating a functional network that can deliver the intended service reliably and effectively. The other options are related to different aspects of satellite operations but do not directly involve the aspect of adjusting and positioning satellites within a constellation setup. For example, deorbiting refers to safely disposing of satellites at the end of their operational life, while orbital insertion is about placing a satellite into its initial orbit after launch. In-orbit servicing involves maintenance or upgrades of satellites already in operation but does not specifically address the filling of constellations.